List of Kings of Babylon Totally Explained

Everything about Kings Of Babylon totally explained

The following is a list of the Kings of Babylon, a major city of ancient Mesopotamia, in modern Iraq.

The Babylonian king list

The Babylonian king list isn't merely a list of kings of Babylon, but is a very specific ancient list of supposed Babylonian kings recorded in several ancient locations, and related to the Sumerian king list.
There are two versions, known as King List A (all kings from the First Dynasty of Babylon to king Kandalanu) and King List B (only the two first dynasties). A third version of the list was written, in Greek, by Berossus. The Babylonian King List of the Hellenistic Age is a continuation that mentions all kings from Alexander the Great to Demetrius II Nicator.

First Dynasty of Babylon

This uses the traditional Middle Chronology, although there's now reason to believe it may be too early by as much as a century.

Early Kassite Monarchs

These rulers didn't rule Babylon itself, but their numbering scheme was continued by later Kassite Kings of Babylon, and so they're listed here.

Gandash fl. c.1730 BC

Agum I

Ushshi

Urzigurumash

Tiptakzi

Sealand Dynasty (Dynasty II of Babylon)

This dynasty also didn't actually rule Babylon, but rather the Sumerian regions south of it. Nevertheless, it's traditionally numbered the Second Dynasty of Babylon, and so is listed here.

Iluma-ilum fl. c.1732 BC

Peshgaldaramash

Adarakalamma

Ekurduanna

Melamkurkukka

[1unnamed king between Gulkishar and Ea-gamil(?)]

Ea-gamil fl. c. 1460 BC

Kassite Dynasty (Third Dynasty of Babylon)

The chronology followed here's the higher chronology found in Von Beckerath's Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägypten. Another commonly used chronology generally gives dates of approximately 10 to 20 years earlier for each monarch, but this doesn't synchronize so well with the most commonly used chronology for the Egyptian New Kingdom.

Agum II fl. c.1570 BC

Burna-Buriaš I

Kaštiliaš III

Ulam-Buriaš

Agum III

Kadašman-harbe I

Karaindaš

Kurigalzu I d.1377 BC

Kadašman-Enlil I 1377-1361 BC

Burna-Buriaš II 1361-1333 BC

Karahardaš 1333-1331 BC

Nazibugaš 1331 BC

Kurigalzu II 1331-1306 BC

Nazimaruttaš 1306-1280 BC

Kadašman-Turgu 1280-1262 BC

Kadašman-Enlil II 1262-1254 BC

Kudur-Enlil 1254-1245 BC

Šagarakti-Šuriaš 1245-1232 BC

Kaštiliaš IV 1232-1224 BC

Enlil-nadin-šumi 1224-1221

Adad-šuma-iddina 1221-1215

Adad-šuma-usur 1215-1185 BC

Melišipak 1185-1170s BC

Marduk-apal-iddina I 1170-1157 BC

Zababa-šuma-iddina 1157-1156 BC

Enlil-nadin-ahhe 1156-1153 BC

Dynasty IV of Babylon, from Isin

Marduk-kabit-ahhešu 1155-1146 BC

Itti-Marduk-balatu 1146-1132 BC

Ninurta-nadin-šumi 1132-1126 BC

Nabu-kudurri-usur (Nebuchadnezzar I) 1126-1103 BC

Enlil-nadin-apli 1103-1100 BC

Marduk-nadin-ahhe 1100-1082 BC

Marduk-šapik-zeri 1082-1069 BC

Adad-apla-iddina 1069-1046 BC

Marduk-ahhe-eriba 1046 BC

Marduk-zer-X 1046-1033 BC

Nabu-šum-libur 1033-1025 BC

Dynasty V of Babylon

Simbar-šipak 1025-1008 BC

Ea-mukin-šumi 1008 BC

Kaššu-nadin 1008-1004 BC

Dynasty VI of Babylon

Eulma-šakin-šumi 1004-987 BC

Ninurta-kudurri-usur 987-985 BC

Širiqti-šuqamunu 985 BC

Dynasty VII of Babylon

Mar-biti-apla-usur 985-979 BC

Dynasty VIII of Babylon

Nabu-mukin-apli 979-943 BC

Dynasty IX of Babylon

Ninurta-kudurri-usur 943 BC

Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina 943-c.920 BC

Šamaš-mudammiq c.920-900 BC

Nabu-šuma-ukin 900-888 BC

Nabu-apla-iddina 888-855 BC

Marduk-zakir-šumi I 855-819 BC

Marduk-balassu-iqbi 819-813 BC

Baba-aha-iddina 813-811 BC

5 kings 811-c.800 BC

Ninurta-apla-X c.800-c.790 BC

Marduk-bel-zeri c.790-c.780 BC

Marduk-apla-usur c.780-769 BC

Eriba-Marduk 769-761 BC

Nabu-šuma-iškun 761-748 BC

Dynasty IX of Babylon

From this point on, the Babylonian chronology is securely known via Ptolemy's Canon of Kings and other sources.

Nabonassar (Nabu-nasir) 748-734 BC

Nabu-nadin-zeri 734-732 BC

Nabu-šuma-ukin II 732 BC

Dynasty X of Babylon (Assyrian)

Nabu-mukin-zeri, 732-729 BC

Tiglath-Pileser III 729-727 BC

Shalmaneser V 727-722 BC

Marduk -apla-iddina II (the Biblical Merodach-Baladan), 722-710 BC

Šarrukin (Sargon) II of Assyria, 710-705 BC

Sin-ahhe-eriba (Sennacherib) of Assyria, 705-703 BC

Marduk -zakir-šumi II, 703 BC

Marduk -apla-iddina II, 703 BC (restored)

Bel-ibni, 703-700 BC

Aššur -nadin-šumi (son of Sennacherib of Assyria), 700-694 BC

Nergal -ušezib, 694-693 BC

Mušezib-Marduk, 693-689 BC Assyrian Sack of Babylon, 689 BC; Babylon is rebuilt by Esarhaddon of Assyria in the 670s BC

Sin-ahhe-eriba (Sennacherib) of Assyria, 689-681 BC

Aššur-ahha-iddina (Esarhaddon) of Assyria, 681-669 BC

Šamaš -šum-ukin (son of Esarhaddon), 668-648 BC

Kandalanu 648-627 BC

Sin-shumu-lishir 626 BC Only parts, included the city Babylon.

Sinsharishkun ca. 627 BC - 620 Lost control over Babylonia fast.

Dynasty XI of Babylon (Neo-Babylonian or Chaldean)

Nabu-apla-usur (Nabopolassar) 626 - 605 BC

Nabu-kudurri-usur (Nebuchadrezzar II (Nebuchadnezzar II)) 605 - 562 BC

Amel-Marduk 562 - 560 BC

Nergal-šar-usur (Nergal-sharezer) 560 - 556 BC

Labaši-Marduk 556 BC

Nabu-na'id (Nabonidus) 556 - 539 BC

Kambyses 538 - 522 BC

Persian Babylonia

In 539 BC, Babylon was captured by Cyrus the Great of Persia. His son was crowned one year later formally as King of Babylonia

Cambyses II, son of Cyrus the Great, ruled 529-522 BC

Smerdis (Bardiya), alleged son of Cyrus the Great, ruled 522 BC (Possibly a usurper)

Darius I, the Great, brother-in-law of Smerdis and grandson of Arsames, ruled 521-486 BC

Xerxes I, son of Darius I, ruled 485-465 BC

Artaxerxes I Longimanus, son of Xerxes I, ruled 465-424 BC

Xerxes II, son of Artaxerxes I, ruled 424 BC

Sogdianus, half-brother and rival of Xerxes II, ruled 424-423 BC

Darius II Nothus, half-brother and rival of Xerxes II, ruled 423-405 BC

Artaxerxes II Mnemon, son of Darius II, ruled 404-359 BC (see also Xenophon)

Artaxerxes III Ochus, son of Artaxerxes II, ruled 358-338 BC

Artaxerxes IV Arses, son of Artaxerxes III, ruled 338-336 BC

Darius III Codomannus, great-grandson of Darius II, ruled 336-330 BC

Hellenistic Babylonia

Babylon was captured by Alexander the Great in 330 BC.

Alexander IV of Macedon (323–309 BC)

Seleucus I Nicator (Satrap 311–305 BC, King 305 BC–281 BC)

Antiochus I Soter (co-ruler from 291, ruled 281–261 BC)

Antiochus II Theos (261–246 BC)

Seleucus II Callinicus (246–225 BC)

Seleucus III Ceraunus (or Soter) (225–223 BC)

Antiochus III the Great (223–187 BC)

Seleucus IV Philopator (187–175 BC)

Antiochus IV Epiphanes (175–164 BC)

Antiochus V Eupator (164–162 BC)

Demetrius I Soter (161–150 BC)

Alexander I Balas (150–145 BC)

Demetrius II Nicator (first reign, 145–138 BC)

Antiochus VI Dionysus (or Epiphanes) (145–140 BC?)

Diodotus Tryphon (140?–138 BC)

Antiochus VII Sidetes (or Euergetes) (138–129 BC)

Demetrius II Nicator (second reign, 129–126 BC)

Alexander II Zabinas (129–123 BC)

Cleopatra Thea (126–123 BC)

Seleucus V Philometor (126/125 BC)

Antiochus VIII Grypus (125–96 BC)

Antiochus IX Cyzicenus (114–96 BC)

Seleucus VI Epiphanes Nicator (96–95 BC)

Antiochus X Eusebes Philopator (95–92 BC or 83 BC)

Demetrius III Eucaerus (or Philopator) (95–87 BC)

Antiochus XI Epiphanes Philadelphus (95–92 BC)

Philip I Philadelphus (95–84/83 BC)

Antiochus XII Dionysus (87–84 BC)

(Tigranes I of Armenia) (83–69 BC)

Seleucus VII Kybiosaktes or Philometor (70s BC–60s BC?)

Antiochus XIII Asiaticus (69–64 BC)

Philip II Philoromaeus (65–63 BC)

Further Information

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